// Smooth Mandelbrot. Created by Reinder Nijhoff 2021
// @reindernijhoff
//
// https://turtletoy.net/turtle/a1b031fb9e
//

// Forked from "Mandelbrot through Curl Noise" by llemarie
// https://turtletoy.net/turtle/48b30c6521

Canvas.setpenopacity(.6);

const turtle = new Turtle();
turtle.traveled = 0;

const radius = 0.58; // min=0.1, max=5, step=0.01
const minRadius = 0.02; // min=0.01, max=1, step=0.01
const maxPathLength = 50;  // min=1, max=100, step=0.1
const happyAccident = 1; // min=0, max=1, step=1 (No, Yes)
const maxTries = 35;

const max_iterations = 19;  /// min = 1, max = 100, step = 1
const m_scale =  80         /// min = 10, max = 10000, step = 0.01
const offset_x = 0.7        /// min = -10, max = 10, step = 0.001
const offset_y = 0          /// min = -10, max = 10, step = 0.001

// const max_iterations = 190   /// min = 1, max = 100, step = 1
// const m_scale =  4000         /// min = 10, max = 10000, step = 0.01
// const offset_x = 0.72;        /// min = -10, max = 10, step = 0.001
// const offset_y = -0.25;          /// min = -10, max = 10, step = 0.001

const grid  = new PoissonDiscGrid(radius);

function sqrlen(r, i) {
    return happyAccident ? r*r*15 - i*i : r*r + i*i;
}

function mandelbrot(x, y) {
    let cr = x;
    let ci = y;
    let zr = 0;
    let zi = 0;
    let iterations = 0;
    const B = 8;
    
    while (sqrlen(zr, zi) < B*B) {
        [zr, zi] = [zr * zr - zi * zi + cr, 2 * zr * zi + ci];
        iterations += 1;
        if (iterations >= max_iterations) break;
    }
    
    iterations = iterations - Math.log(Math.log(Math.sqrt(sqrlen(zr, zi)))/Math.log(B))/Math.log(2) + 1;
    
    return Math.min(Math.max(0,iterations), max_iterations) / max_iterations;
}

function get_image_intensity(x,y) {
    var center_x = x;
    var center_y = y;

    const m_x = (center_x) / m_scale - offset_x;
    const m_y = (center_y) / m_scale - offset_y;

    return mandelbrot(m_x, m_y);
}

function curlNoiseM(x, y) {
    const eps = 0.01;
    
    const dx = (get_image_intensity(x, y + eps) - get_image_intensity(x, y - eps))/(2 * eps);
    const dy = (get_image_intensity(x + eps, y) - get_image_intensity(x - eps, y))/(2 * eps);
    
    const l = Math.hypot(dx, dy) * 10;
    const c = [dx / l, -dy / l];	
    
    return c;
}

function getRadius(p2) {
    const l = get_image_intensity(p2[0], p2[1]);
    return (minRadius * l + radius * (1-l)) / 2;
}

function walk(i) {
    const p = turtle.pos();

    const curl = curlNoiseM(p[0], p[1]);
    const dest = [p[0]+curl[0], p[1]+curl[1]];
    dest[2] = getRadius(dest);
    
    if (turtle.traveled < maxPathLength && Math.abs(dest[0]) < 110 && Math.abs(dest[1]) < 110 && grid.insert(dest)) {
        turtle.goto(dest);
        turtle.traveled += Math.hypot(curl[0], curl[1]);
    } else {
        turtle.traveled = 0;
        let r, i = 0;
        do { 
            r =[Math.random()*200-100, Math.random()*200-100];
            r[2] = getRadius(r);
            i ++;
        } while(!grid.insert(r) && i < maxTries);
        if (i >= maxTries) {
            return false;
        }
        turtle.jump(r);
    }
    return true;
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Poisson-Disc utility code. Created by Reinder Nijhoff 2019
// https://turtletoy.net/turtle/b5510898dc
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
function PoissonDiscGrid(radius) {
    class PoissonDiscGrid {
        constructor(radius) {
            this.cellSize = 1/Math.sqrt(2)/radius;
            this.cells = [];
            this.queue = [];
        }
        insert(p) {
            const x = p[0]*this.cellSize|0, y=p[1]*this.cellSize|0;
            for (let xi = x-1; xi<=x+1; xi++) {
                for (let yi = y-1; yi<=y+1; yi++) {
                    const ps = this.cell(xi,yi);
                    for (let i=0; i<ps.length; i++) {
                        if ((ps[i][0]-p[0])**2 + (ps[i][1]-p[1])**2 < (ps[i][2]+p[2])**2) {
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                }       
            }
            this.queue.push([p, x, y]);
            if (this.queue.length > 10) {
                const d = this.queue.shift();
                this.cell(d[1], d[2]).push(d[0]);
            }
            return true;
        }
        cell(x,y) {
            const c = this.cells;
            return (c[x]?c[x]:c[x]=[])[y]?c[x][y]:c[x][y]=[];
        }
    }
    return new PoissonDiscGrid(radius);
}